Citations in Molecular Vision follow the Vancouver style (except part 33) developed by the National Library of Medicine and used by International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. A detailed set of examples of the Vancouver style is presented in the "References" section of the "Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals."

Following are the most common citation formats used in Molecular Vision. These examples are taken from Ann Intern Med 1997; 126:36-47.

Standard journal article

Vega KJ, Pina I, Krevsky B. Heart transplantation is associated with an increased risk for pancreatobiliary disease. Ann Intern Med 1996; 124:980-3.

If a journal does not have continuous pagination through a volume, the date and issue number are also needed.

Vega KJ, Pina I, Krevsky B. Heart transplantation is associated with an increased risk for pancreatobiliary disease. Ann Intern Med 1996 Jun 1; 124(11):980-3.

Journal article in electronic format (supersedes part 33 of the Vancouver style)

Cited as any other journal article with the addition of the URL after the page numbers. If a URL is not available, "[serial online]" should be inserted after the journal name.

Wistow G. Peptide sequences for β-crystallins of a teleost fish. Mol Vis 1995; 1:1 <http://www.molvis.org/molvis/v1/a1/>.

Books or Monographs/Personal author(s)

Ringsven MK, Bond D. Gerontology and leadership skills for nurses. 2nd ed. Albany (NY): Delmar Publishers; 1996.

Books or Monographs/Editor(s), compiler(s) as author

Norman IJ, Redfern SJ, editors. Mental health care for elderly people. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1996.

Books or Monographs/Chapter in a book

Phillips SJ, Whisnant JP. Hypertension and stroke. In: Laragh JH, Brenner BM, editors. Hypertension: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. 2nd ed. New York: Raven Press; 1995. p. 465-78.

Books or Monographs/Conference proceedings

Kimura J, Shibasaki H, editors. Recent advances in clinical neurophysiology. Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of EMG and Clinical Neurophysiology; 1995 Oct 15-19; Kyoto, Japan. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1996.

Books or Monographs/Conference paper

Bengtsson S, Solheim BG. Enforcement of data protection, privacy and security in medical informatics. In: Lun KC, Degoulet P, Piemme TE, Rienhoff O, editors. MEDINFO 92. Proceedings of the 7th World Congress on Medical Informatics; 1992 Sep 6-10; Geneva, Switzerland. Amsterdam: North-Holland; 1992. p. 1561-5.

Unpublished Material

Leshner AI. Molecular mechanisms of cocaine addiction. N Engl J Med. In press 1996.

PubMed is quite useful for verifying citations to serials in the biomedical literature. They provide a search engine for very general searches and a Journal Browser for identifying correct journal abbreviations.

The NLM locator is useful for identifying which years a journal has been indexed. It is also helpful for verifying citations to books in the biomedical literature.

The LOC catalog is the most complete online reference for published (non-serial) materials that we have seen. It is excellent for verifying citations to books in the biomedical literature.