Molecular Vision: Ye, Mol Vis 2025; 31:539-552. Table 3

Table 3. Univariate and multivariate linear mixed analysis of factors correlated with differences in spherical equivalent.

Variables*	Univariate model		Multivariate model 1		Multivariate model 2
Variables*	Coefficient, 95% CI	P value	Coefficient, 95% CI	P value	Coefficient, 95% CI	P value
Sex^†	0.148 (−0.164 to 0.461)	0.349
Age (yrs)	0.054 (−0.12 to 0.23)	0.548
NSE (D)	0.148 (0.074 to 0.223)	<0.001	0.137 (0.062 to 0.212)	<0.001
nCP (D)	−0.012 (−0.089 to 0.066)	0.763
nCCT (μm)	−0.001 (−0.006 to 0.005)	0.827
nACD (mm)	0.645 (−0.43 to 1.72)	0.237
nLT (mm)	−0.064 (−1.323 to 1.196)	0.921
nAL (mm)	−0.092 (−0.346 to 0.163)	0.478
CSE (D)	-0.088 (−0.167 to −0.008)	0.031			-0.093 (−0.173 to −0.013)	<0.001
cCP (D)	0.078 (0.009 to 0.146)	0.026	0.009 (−0.064 to 0.082)	0.803	−0.035 (−0.11 to 0.041)	0.364
cCCT (μm)	<0.001 (−0.005 to 0.005)	0.997
cACD (mm)	0.36 (−0.649 to 1.369)	0.482
cLT (mm)	0.589 (−0.625 to 1.804)	0.339
cAL (mm)	−0.087 (−0.341 to 0.168)	0.502
dCP (D)	-0.286 (−0.403 to −0.17)	<0.001	-0.308 (−0.43 to −0.186)	<0.001	-0.308 (−0.434 to −0.182)	<0.001
dCCT (μm)	−0.002 (−0.011 to 0.007)	0.706
dACD (mm)	4.186 (−0.331 to 8.704)	0.069	−3.351 (−8.503 to 1.801)	0.2	−2.316 (−7.642 to 3.01)	0.391
dLT (mm)	-7.574 (−11.551 to −3.596)	<0.001	-7.692 (−12.638 to −2.746)	0.003	-10.345 (−15.329 to −5.36)	<0.001
dAL (mm)	−0.71 (−3.806 to 2.386)	0.651

Abbreviations: SE, spherical equivalent; NSE, noncycloplegic spherical equivalent; CSE, cycloplegic spherical equivalent; CP, corneal power; CCT, central corneal thickness; ACD, anterior chamber depth; LT, lens thickness; AL, axial length; CI, confidence interval. * The prefix ‘c’ denotes cycloplegic measurements, and the prefix ‘d’ indicates differences in measurements before and after cycloplegia. ^† Male sex was the reference. P values <0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance (bold font).