Figure 6. The effects of ginger extract, selenium, and their combinations on the ocular mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes (Bcl2, Bax, and Caspase-3) were evaluated in diabetic rats.Gene expression levels were measured by quantitative real-time PCR, and data are presented as the mean ± SD (n=6).**Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences compared to the control (C) group: **p < 0.01 and *p < 0.001.Symbols denote statistically significant differences compared to the untreated diabetic (D) group: ##p < 0.01, +p < 0.05, ++p < 0.01, ^^p < 0.01, ^^^p < 0.001, and ^^^^p < 0.0001.