Figure 7. Effects of SFN on the mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-8, and CTGF induced by TGF-β in HTFs. Serum-deprived cells were first incubated with or without SFN (10 µM) for 24 h, followed by a 12-h treatment with TGF-β (5 ng/ml). Then, cells were collected, and the mRNA levels of IL-6, IL-8, and CTGF were determined. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n=3). *p<0.05 compared to untreated control cells. †p<0.05 compared to cells treated with TGF-β alone.