Figure 4. Effect of Grx on cell apoptosis. A, D: Flow cytometry analysis of HLE cells following treatment with 200 μM H₂O₂ for 24 h after Grx overexpression (A) and knockdown (D). Early/primary apoptotic cells (Annexin V⁺/PI⁻), late/secondary apoptotic cells (Annexin V⁺/PI⁺), and necrotic cells (Annexin V⁻/PI⁺) were distinguished. B, E: Percentage of apoptotic cells following treatment with 200 μM H₂O₂ for 24 h after Grx overexpression (B) and knockdown (E) in HLE cells. C, F: Western blot analysis of Bax/BCL2/Cle-caspase3 expression in HLE cells following treatment with 200 μM H₂O₂ for 24 h after Grx overexpression (C) and knockdown (F). The quantitative statistical results of the western blot band intensity are labeled under the corresponding western blot band. *** p < 0.001.