Figure 3. Effects of crocetin on inflammation factors in the murine RVO model. A: Representative images of western blotting showing the expression level of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) 12 and 24 h after laser irradiation. B: Quantitative analysis of MMP-9 normalized to β-actin. The expression level of MMP-9 was statistically significantly increased 12 to 24 h after laser occlusion. Data are shown as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM; n=5). *p<0.05, **p<0.01 (versus normal group; Student t test; C, E: Representative images of western blotting showing the expression level of MMP-9 and tumor nuclear factor (TNF-α) 24 h after laser irradiation. D, F: Oral administration of crocetin suppressed the expression levels of MMP-9 and TNF-α compared with that of the vehicle-treated group. Data are shown as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM’ n=4 to 8). ^#p<0.05, ^##p<0.01 (versus control group; Student t test). *p<0.05, **p<0.01 (versus vehicle group; Student t test).