Table 1 of
Daruich, Mol Vis 2019; 25:610-624. Table 1 of
Daruich, Mol Vis 2019; 25:610-624.
Table 1. Receptors and transporters for bile acids.
| Membrane receptors | Bile acid affinity | Location |
|---|---|---|
| Takeda G-protein coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) | LCA, DCA, CDCA, CA, TUDCA | Liver, intestine, brain, eye (primary retinal ganglion cells) spleen, lung, monocytes |
| Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) | TCA, GCA, TDCA, GDCA, TUDCA | liver, brain, eye (rat bipolar retinal cells, mouse retinal endothelial cells) heart, lung |
| α5β1 Ιντεγριν | TUDCA | Liver, brain, retina (human vessels, astrocytes) |
| Nuclear receptors | ||
| Farsenoid X receptor (FXR) | LCA, DCA, CDCA, CA | Liver, intestine, brain |
| Vitamin D receptor (VDR) | LCA | Intestine, liver, bone, kidneys, retina and cells (βcells, adipocytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, monocytes) |
| Pregnane X receptor (PXR) | LCA | Liver, intestine, brain, retina (RPE cells) |
| Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) | UDCA,TCA,GDCA, TUDCA | Liver, brain, retina |
| Constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) | CA | Liver, brain, kidney, adrenals |
| Transporters | ||
| Apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) | Unconjugated and conjugated bile acids | Intestine, cholangiocytes, brain |
| Sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) | Unconjugated and conjugated bile acids | Liver, brain |
| Organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) | Unconjugated and conjugated bile acids | Liver, Intestine, brain, retina |
| Multidrug resistant protein (MRP), 2, 3, 4 | TCA, CA and conjugated bile acids | Liver, Brain, retina |
| Bile salt export pump (BSEP) | Conjugated bile acids | Liver, brain |