Figure 3. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) levels in ARPE-19 cell culture supernatants when pretreated with myricitrin, myricetin, leaf extract of Syzygium malaccense, and F2 (myricetin derivatives) for 2 h before exposure to GO-H₂O₂ induced stress. The concentration of GO used is 12 mUnit/ml. Control (100%) is the untreated cells grown in basal medium. Data are expressed in mean ± standard deviation (SD); n=3. The paired t test between the GO-treated cells and control showed statistical significance of ^###p<0.001. The one-way ANOVA Tukey’s post hoc test showed statistical significance at *** p<0.001 for all the test samples and the GO-treated cells when compared to the GO-treated cells only. S. mal = Syzygium malaccense.