Figure 4. Effect of rIL-9 on IL-17 production. Effect of recombinant human interleukin-9 (rIL-9, 100 ng/ml) on IL-17 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and CD4+ T cells from patients with active Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH; n = 12) disease, patients with inactive VKH disease (n = 13), and normal controls (n = 11). Cells were cultured with or without rIL-9 in the presence of anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies for 3 days, and IL-17 was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.