Table 6 of Li, Mol Vis 2017; 23:1048-1080.
Potential pathway | Gene involved in animal models | Function related with myopia | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|
Environmental induced animal model studies: | |||
TGF-beta | TGF-beta 1–3, Zfhx1b, BMP2, BMP4, BMP5, and BMP7 | Ocular growth | Jobling et al. (2004); Jobling et al. (2009); Mathis et al. (2010); Khor et al.(2013); Zhang et al. (2012); Zhang et al. (2013); Zhang et al. (2016); Wang et al. (2011); Li et al. (2015) |
Scleral remodeling | GAGs, MMPs, TIMPs, BMP2, and TGF-β | Scleral remodeling | Mcbrien et al. (2000); Siegwart et al.(2005); Li et al.(2015) |
Wnt signaling | Wnt2b, Fzd5, and β-catenin | Ocular growth | Ma et al.(2014) |
Pax-6 | Pax-6 | Early embryonic growth | Bhat et al.(2004); Ashby et al. (2009); Zhong et al.(2004) |
Sonic hedgehog | Shh | Ocular growth | Akamatsu et al.(2001); Escaño et al.(2000); Qian et al.(2009) |
Retinoic acid receptor | Retinoic acid receptor | Ocular growth | Seko et al. (1996); Morgan et al.(2004); Wang et al.(2014) |
Nitric oxide synthase | NOS isoform (iNOS, eNOS bNOS) | Nitric oxide synthase | Fujii et al. (1998) |
Neurotransmitter/neuromodulator | Glucagon and its receptors | Increased the Camp | Feldkaemper et al. (2000);Feldkaemper et al.(2004) |
Muscarinic receptor signaling | Muscarinic subtypes M1 to M5 | Ocular growth | Liu et al. (2007) |
Retinal dopamine | D2R | Light adaptation and retinal circadian rhythm | Huang et al. (2014) |
Cell surface | EPHA1, SCUBE3, P2RY1, VIPR2, and NPR3 | Ocular growth regulation | He et al. (2014) ; Lin et al. (2013) |
Cytoskeleton related | ANXA2, CAPNS1, and NGEF | Axial elongation | Lin et al. (2013) |
Intracellular signaling | BCO2, ZNF185, CYP26B1, RLBP1, and RPE65 | Ocular growth regulation | He et al. (2014) |
Transcription signaling | HIF1A and EGR1 | Ocular growth regulation | He et al. (2014) |
Secreted signaling | IGF2, NRG1, PT15, FAM180A, MEST, SOSTDC1,TGFBI, CILP, PENK, PTX3, ANGPTL7, BMP2, BMP4, TGFB2, TGFB3, and IL18 | Ocular growth regulation | He et al. (2014) ; Lin et al. (2013) |
Matricellular signaling | NOV, THBS1, CYR61, CTGF,and TNC | Ocular growth regulation | He et al. (2014) ; Lin et al. (2013) |
MPs/TIMPs signaling | ADAMTSL3, TIMP1, TIMP3, ADAMTS5, and MMP14 | Ocular growth regulation | He et al. (2014) ; Lin et al. (2013) |
Extracellular matrix | COL6A6, COL12A1, OGN, MXRA5, and NYX | Ocular growth regulation | He et al. (2014) |
Genetic induced animal model studies | |||
Collagen synthesis | P3h2 | Related with the collagen synthesis in sclera | Hudson et al. (2015) |
Soni hedgehog | Lrp2 | An endocytic receptor | Veth et al.(2011); Collery et al.(2014) |
Transcriptional regulatory | Egr-1 | A transcription factor | Schippert et al. (2007) |