Table 1 of
Bhatia, Mol Vis 2016; 22:898-916. Table 1 of
Bhatia, Mol Vis 2016; 22:898-916.
Table 1. Summary of past studies.
| Study Authors | Sample Size | Cells | Areas of Retina | Measurements | Methods | Study Findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ts’o and Friedman [9] | 10 eyes | RPE | 5 concentric regions around the macula | Cell density Cell area | RPE flatmounts were bleached; cells counted manually; cell area determined by dividing the total retinal area by # of cells | - RPE cell density decreases in the posterior pole with age - equatorial RPE cell density increased with age cell area decreased with age in posterior pole, increased in equator and periphery |
| Dorey et al. [10] | 30 eyes | PF RPE | Macula Paramacula Equatorial | Cell density | Fixed and embedded eyes; cells counted manually from radial sections | - RPE density decreased in posterior pole; not quantified - No changes with age in equator |
| Gao and Hollyfield [11] | 35 eyes | GC** PR RPE | Fovea Peripheral Retina | Cell Density | Tissue was embedded and sectioned; cells counted by one observer | - No age related changes in foveal RPE cell density - Peripheral RPE loss 14 cells/mm2/year - RPE density=5531 - 14 X age (years), Foveal RPE density 63% higher than periphery |
| Watzke et al. [7] | 20 eyes | RPE | Fovea Temporal Posterior pole Peripheral retina | Cell density Cell area Form factor Polymegathism | RPE flatmounts were bleached; cells counted manually | - no age effect on cell density or cell area found in any of the regions - RPE cells of fovea and temporal posterior pole were more hexagonal in younger eyes |
| Panda-Jonas et al. [5] | 53 eyes | PR* RPE | Fovea Mid-periphery Outer-periphery | Cell Density | 25 biopsy specimens of the retina and RPE; Cells were counted from photographs | - Total RPE cell density decreased by 0.3% per year - fovea (4,220±727 cells/mm2) - mid-periphery (3,002±460 cells/mm2) - outer periphery (1,600±411 cells/mm2) |
| Harman et al. [8] | 38 eyes | RPE | Whole Retina | Cell Density | Whole-mounted RPE; cells counted by manual tracing | - No age effect on cell density found in any regions of retina |
| Del Priore et al. [6] | 22 eyes | RPE | 4 concentric regions around the fovea | Cell Density # Apoptotic cells | RPE flatmounts were TUNEL stained and counted | - Total RPE cell density decreased by 0.23% per year - RPE density (cells/mm2)=4,890×11.3 (age) - Significant change in the density of RPE cells only seen in Zone 4 - Cell density decreased in the RPE w/increased distance from fovea - Zone 1 (4980±90 cells/mm2); Zone 2 (4857±75 cells/mm2)’ Zone 3 (4068±207 cells/mm2); Zone 4 (4024±137 cells/mm2) |