Molecular Vision: Sundararajan, Mol Vis 2016; 22:401-423. Table 2

Table 2. In vitro study on Wistar rat lenses cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium: assessment of lenticular opacification after 24 h incubation.

Groups of lenses (incubated in DMEM)*	Total number of lenses	Grades of opacification **	Number of lenses with different grades of lenticular opacification
Group I	8	0	all 8
Group II	8	+++	all 8
^aGroup IIIa	8	0	7 of 8
^aGroup IIIa	8	+	1 of 8
Group IIIb	3	++	all 3
Group IIIc	3	+	all 3
Group IIId	3	++	all 3
Group IIIe	3	+++	all 3
Group IV	3	0	all 3

* Groups of lenses; Group I: Normal lenses incubated in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) alone (control); Group II: Lenses incubated in DMEM containing sodium selenite (100 μM selenite/ml of DMEM; selenite-challenged, untreated); Group IIIa: Lenses incubated in DMEM and simultaneously exposed to sodium selenite (100 μM selenite/ml of DMEM) and chrysin (200 μM chrysin /ml of DMEM; selenite-challenged simultaneously chrysin-treated); Group IIIb: Lenses first incubated for 2 h in DMEM containing only chrysin (200 μM chrysin/ml of DMEM) and then for up to 24 h in fresh DMEM containing only sodium selenite (100 μM selenite/ml of DMEM; 2 h chrysin pre-treatment, subsequent selenite-challenge); Group IIIc: Lenses first incubated for 30 min in DMEM containing only sodium selenite (100 μM selenite/ml of DMEM) and then for up to 24 h in fresh DMEM containing only chrysin (200 μM chrysin/ml of DMEM; initial selenite-challenge [30 min], subsequent chrysin-treatment); GroupIIId: Lenses first incubated for 1 h in DMEM containing only sodium selenite (100 μM selenite/ml of DMEM) and then for up to 24 h in fresh DMEM containing only chrysin (200μM chrysin/ml of DMEM; initial selenite-challenge [1 h], subsequent chrysin- treatment); Group IIIe: Lenses first incubated for 2 h in DMEM containing only sodium selenite (100 μM selenite/ml of DMEM) and then for up to 24 h in fresh DMEM containing only chrysin (200μM chrysin/ml of DMEM; initial selenite-challenge [2 h], subsequent chrysin- treatment); Group IV: Lenses incubated in DMEM containing only chrysin (200 μM chrysin/ml of DMEM). ** Grades of opacification 0: when there was absence of opacification (gridlines clearly visible); +: when there was a slight degree of opacification (minimal clouding of gridlines [gridlines still visible]); ++: when there was presence of diffuse opacification involving almost the entire lens (moderate clouding of gridlines [gridlines faintly visible]); +++: when there was presence of extensive thick opacification involving the entire lens (total clouding of gridlines [gridlines not seen at all]). Statistical analysis: ^aStatistically significant difference (p<0.05) when compared with group II values (Chi-square with Yates' correction). Abbreviation: DMEM - Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium.