Molecular Vision: Ahmed, Mol Vis 2016; 22:294-310. Table 1

Table 1. Enhancement of antioxidant response by Xaliproden.

Target gene	Relative expression ± SD.			P value
Target gene	PQ	Xaliproden	PQ +Xaliproden	P value
NqO-1	2.88±0.35	1.63±0.20	5.76±1.24	0.0014
GSTM-1	1.47±0.02	1.28±0.18	3.24±0.41	0.0002
Nrf 2	0.39±0.01	0.42±0.04	1.94±0.16	<0.0001
Met-1	5.57±0.85	3.34±0.67	9.98±0.75	0.0001
HO-1	2.55±0.25	1.07±0.07	2.48±0.45	0.0016
CAT	1.22±0.07	0.95±0.36	1.82±0.16	0.0095

ARPE-19 cells were seeded at 90% confluency and grown overnight. They were changed into serum free media and treated with 20 μM xaliproden, 300 μM paraquat (PQ), or a combination of two and grown for 24 h. RNA was extracted from these cells and used for cDNA synthesis followed by qPCR with primers for target genes indicated. Assays were performed in three biologic replicates. Values represent average fold change compared to the untreated samples ± s.d. Abbrev: NqO-1, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1; GSTM-1, Glutathione ;Met-1, metallothionein-1, HO-1, heme oxygenase 1; CAT, catalase. P values were determined by one-way ANOVA comparing untreated cells and the three treatment groups. To determine the significance, mean values of these groups were compared by ANOVA with the Newman-Keuls post hoc test. This analysis is included as Appendix 6.