Figure 6. Proinflammatory cytokines modulate the expression of genes that regulate the EMT. Differentiated ARPE-19 cells were treated with the cytokines (1X = interferon gamma (IFN-γ), 10 u/ml + tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), 1 ng/ml + interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), 1 ng/ml) for 20 h in the absence of serum, and the expression transcripts for the epithelial marker gene (CDH1), mesenchymal marker genes (VIM, CCND1, and CDH2), and transcription factor genes (ZEB1 and SNAI1) was analyzed with real-time PCR. *p<0.5 when compared to control, n = 4.