Figure 5. Influence of p38 on apical and basal VEGF-A secretion. A: In the RPE/choroid, inhibition of p38 significantly reduces the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A on the apical side at 48 h. B: On the basal side, the inhibition of p38 reduces VEGF-A secretion at 24 h and at 48 h. In primary RPE cell culture, no influence of p38 on the secretion was found on the apical side (C), while p38 inhibition reduces VEGF-A secretion at the basal side significantly at 24 h and at 48 h (D). Supernatants were collected for 24 h and were analyzed in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Significance was determined with the Student t test; + p<0.01, ++ p<0.01 +++=p<0.001. n=4 (A, B), n=6 (C, D). Bars depict the mean and the standard deviation.