Figure 3. Histopathological characteristics of FVMs are retained in C-FVMs. Fibrovascular membranes (FVMs) from clinical cases 3 and 5 were processed for immunohistochemistry using antibodies against SMA (A, E) and GFAP (B, F; all in red) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Immunofluorescence of the C-FVMs shows cells positive for SMA (C, G) and GFAP (D, H; in green), indicating that molecular markers of cell identity are retained in C-FVMs grown in vitro. Nuclei are counterstained with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI; blue). Scale bar=50 µm.