Figure 5. TGF-β1 induces miR-21 expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner in fibroblasts from TAO donors (n=3). A: Real-time PCR analysis showing that transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1; 2 ng/ml) induces miR-21 expression in a time-dependent manner. B: Real-time PCR analysis showing that TGF-β1 induces miR-21 expression after 24 h in a dose-dependent manner. Each bar represents the mean ± standard deviation (SD) of at least three independent experiments. (*p<0.05 versus control, #p<0.05, versus 2 ng/ml TGF-β1 treated control).