Figure 2. Elevated glucose does not change GluA1 phosphorylation at serine 831 (pS831GluA1) and 845 (pS845GluA1) in retinal neural cells. Cells were exposed to 30 mM glucose (Gluc) or 25 mM mannitol (Man - osmotic control; + 5 mM glucose) for 24 h or 48 h. Immunoreactivity was analyzed with western blotting. The results are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) of at least four independent experiments and are expressed as a percentage of the control. Representative immunoblots are presented above the graphs.