Figure 4. Goldmann perimetry for patient 2IIa. The outer borders of the visual fields were initially quite normal for the V4e isopter but showed nasal and inferior constriction for the I4e object in the left eye. Over the years, the visual fields have become increasingly constricted concerning the V4e isopter inferiorly and nasally and the I4e isopter concentrically. Moreover, she has developed large temporal and upper scotomas for V4e.