Figure 2. Three-dimensional fibrin clot model of cord formation by human microdermal capillary endothelial cells incubated with subretinal fluid from eyes with retinopathy of prematurity and retinal detachment. The capillary cord was formed in all culture conditions and indicates that the cord length from the medium alone was longer than that from cells cultured in a medium containing SRF from patients with retinal detachment (RD). A: Subretinal fluid (SRF) from eyes with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) induced cord formation in human microdermal capillary endothelial cells (HMCECs) while SRF from eyes with RD showed shorter length measurements (Student t test, n = 10/group, * p < 0.05, Mean±SEM, please see Table 2 for detailed comparisons). Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A; 10 ng/ml) and 0.1% fetal bovine serum (FBS) were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. B: A linear association was found between the cord length and the SRF concentration (ROP, positive; RD, negative). The cord length and the SRF concentration were natural logarithm (Ln)-transformed to establish the linear models.