Figure 5. Maintenance of Bcl-xL/Bax ratio and Bcl-2/Bax ratio are E4 treatment in the retinas of GK rats. A: Western blot analysis showed that E4 maintained retinal the Bcl-xL/Bax ratio and Bcl-2/Bax ratio in GK rats (one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s test: Bcl-xL/Bax ratio: G+NS versus G+Ε4, t=7.273, p<0.001; Bcl-2/Bax ratio: G+NS versus G+Ε4, t=3.076, p=0.040, n=4). B: Western blot analysis showed that the increase in the Caspase-3 expression was prevented by E4 treatment in GK rats (one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s test: G+NS versus G+Ε4, t=3.876, p=0.011). *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01, #: p<0.001. GK rat: Goto-Kakizaki rat; E4: Exendin-4; Control: Wistar rats treated with sham injection (normal saline); G+NS: GK rats treated with sham injection (normal saline); G+E4: GK rats treated with E4 intravitreal injection. Data are expressed as the means ± SEM. One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s test.