Figure 2. Prevention of the decrease in electroretinography (ERG) amplitudes of GK rats by E4 treatment. E4 intravitreal injection significantly prevents the decrease in the flash ERG b-wave (A, B) and Ops (C, D) amplitudes of GK rats at 16 weeks of age (one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s test: b-wave, G+NS versus G+E4, t=3.023, p=0.016; OPs, G+NS versus G+E4, t=3.155, p=0.012; n=10). E: E4 prevents the decrease in the ERG a-wave amplitudes at 16 weeks of age, but the GK control and E4-treated GK group did not statistically differ (one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s test: a-wave, G+NS versus G+E4, t=1.161, p=0.767, n=10). GK rat: Goto-Kakizaki rat; E4: Exendin-4; Control: Wistar rats; G+NS: GK rats treated with normal saline; G+E4: GK rats treated with E4. Data are presented as the means ± SEM (*: p<0.05, #: p<0.001, n=10). One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s test.