Figure 5. For all panels, rMC-1 cells were grown in normal glucose (NG) or high glucose (HG) and transfected with an IRS-1 plasmid or a mutated IRS-1 plasmid and treated with SOCS3 and SOCS3 with mutant plasmid with retinal cell lysates used for all experiments. A: SOCS3 regulates TNF-α levels in rMC-1 cells. B: The control demonstrates successful transfection of the plasmid and the mutant. C: ELISA data show that SOCS3 decreased phosphorylation of IRS-1 on serine 307 when added with the mutant. *p<0.05 versus NG non-treated; #p<0.05 versus HG non-treated; $p<0.05 versus HG SOCS3. n=5 for all groups. Data are mean±standard error of the mean (SEM).