Figure 5. Effect of Sema3A on HUVEC tube formation. The Matrigel assay was used to evaluate the angiogenic effect in Sema3A-treated HUVECs. This assay measures the ability of endothelial cells to form capillary-like structures. A: Statistical analysis of the HUVEC tube formation study. B: 1% fetal bovine serum (FBS)-treated group. C: TGF-β culture group. D: Sema3A (250 ng/ml)-treated group. E: Sema3A (500 ng/ml)-treated group. F: Sema3A (250 ng/ml)- and TGF-β-treated groups. G: Sema3A (500 ng/ml)- and TGF-β-treated groups. All of the pictures (panel B to G) were taken at 10× magnification under a Zeiss light microscope. All of the data were measured at least three times and are presented as the means±SEM. *p<0.05; **p<0.01.