Figure 3. Effects of berberine on protein expression intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and integrin beta-2 in high glucose. A: Quantification of ICAM-1 expression on human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) from various treatment groups by western blot is shown. The data in (B) are expressed as cell counts (y-axis) plotted as a function of fluorescence intensity (x-axis) and are representative of independent experiments in each group. The histogram (C) represents the mean intensities of anti-integrin beta-2 (CD18) from flow cytometric analysis, normalized to the immunoglobulin (IgG) isotype control. * p<0.05 between low- and high-glucose-treated cells; ^† p<0.05 between berberine-treated and non-treated cells cultured in high glucose. The results are representative of three independent experiments.