Figure 8. Effects of intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation on the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) content in the retina. A: Alterations in TNF-α mRNA levels in the retina after IOP elevation (open circles) or the retina after the sham treatment (closed circles). B: Effects of oxidized adenosine triphosphate (OxATP) on TNF-α mRNA content in the retina 2 days after IOP elevation. Data are expressed as mean±standard error of the mean (SEM; n=4–5). The asterisks indicate significant differences from the sham control eyes (A) or from the eyes without OxATP treatment (B; Mann–Whitney U-test, *p<0.05).