Figure 2. Production of tumor necrosis factor-α by human corneal-limbal epithelial cells in response to isotonic (300 mOsm) or hyperosmotic stress (500 mOsm) with or without carnitine (10 mM) for 16 h. Data represent the mean±SD of five samples. * shows the significant difference between cells treated with and without L-carnitine during exposure to 500 mOsm medium osmolarity. ^# shows the significant difference from 300 mOsm medium.