Figure 5. H₂O₂ treatment reduced levels of p-p38. RGC-5 cells were treated with 500 μM H₂O₂ for the designated times. Cells were then harvested and lysed for immunoblot assay. A: H₂O₂ treatment caused the gradual reduction of p-p38 in a time-dependent manner (1–5 h) but had little influence on total p38 levels compared with controls. Con: control. Each experiment was repeated at least three times, and a representative blot is shown. B: The reduction of p-p38 levels was quantitated and statistically analyzed. Data were obtained from at least three independent experiments and expressed as the mean±SEM ***p<0.001, compared with controls. C: Total p38 levels were quantitated and statistically analyzed. Data were obtained from at least three independent experiments and expressed as the mean±SEM ***p<0.001, compared with controls.