Figure 1. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) protects 661W cells from oxidant-induced cell death. 661W cells were pretreated in situ with 1 to 20 μM CAPE for 3 h. After thorough washing, cells were exposed to 1 mM H₂O₂ for 6 h. Cell death was then measured by analyzing the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; n=4 plate × 4 replication assay). (*: p<0.01; **: p<0.001; by one way ANOVA)