Figure 3. Pirfenidone inhibited
transforming growth factor- β1 (TGF-β1)-induced expression of
extracellular matrix. Components in human retinal pigment
epithelial cells (ARPE-19) cells. Cells were incubated in the
absence or presence of SB202190 (10 μmol/l), hydroxyfasudil (10
μmol/l), or varying doses of pirfenidone for 1 h and then
treated with TGF-β1 (10 μg/l) for an additional 48 h. The
supernatants were assayed with ELISA for the level of collagen
type I (A) or fibronectin (B). Control: untreated,
PFD: pirfenidone, fasudil: hydroxyfasudil. Samples significantly
different from the control sample treated with DMSO were
indicated with symbols (*, n=5, error bar indicates standard
deviation [SD], p<0.05; **, p<0.01; ***, p<0.001).