Figure 4. Pretreatment of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) remarkably reduced the expressions of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Quantitative analysis for the levels of HIF-1α and VEGF in the PDR eyes was measured by measuring the Average Optic Density values of each image using ImagePro-Plus (Media Cybernetics) software. The expression levels of both HIF-1α (p=0.02) and VEGF (p<0.001) in the IVB pretreated group was significantly lower than those of the no IVB treated group. Each value represents means±SEM from three independent experiments (n=12).