Figure 1. GAPE increased the viability of cells in concentration-dependent manner. The cell viability of HLEB-3 cells pretreated with GSPE at different concentrations (0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 mg/l) for 12 h before H₂O₂ (100 μmol/l) treatment for 24 h was estimated by using MTT. The results showed a concentration- dependent increase of GSPE in the viability of cells.