Figure 4 of Zode, Mol Vis 2011; 17:1745-1758.


Figure 4. Effect of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2 on activation of Smad2/3 in optic nerve head (ONH) astrocytes and lamina cribrosa (LC) cells. ONH astrocytes and LC cells were incubated with recombinant TGF-β2 (5 ng/ml) for 0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min. A: Cell lysates were analyzed for phosphorylated Smad3, total Smad3, phosphorylated Smad2, Smad2, and actin. B: ONH astrocytes and LC cells were treated with or without TGF-β2 for 30 min, 60 min, and 120 min, and total cell lysates were also examined for phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)1/2, total ERK1/2, phosphorylated p38, total p38, phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK)1/2, total JNK1/2, and actin. Recombinant TGF-β2 increased phosphorylation of Smad3 and Smad2 in ONH astrocytes as well as Smad3 phosphorylation in LC cells at 15 min, 30 min, 60 min and 120 min but did not alter phosphorylation ERK, p38, and JNK1/2 in ONH astrocytes and LC cells. These signaling proteins were detected at expected molecular sizes.