Figure 5. Snail expression after cytokine stimulation in ARPE-19 cells. A: RT–PCR amplification of Snail mRNAs from ARPE-19 cells after cytokine stimulation. ARPE-19 cells were incubated with PBS or recombinant human TGF-β, TNF-α, VEGF, CTGF, bFGF, and IGF-1. After 4 h, RNA was extracted from these cells. Snail mRNA expression was measured by reverse-transcription PCR. B: Gel densitometric analysis. Values are mean±SEM (n=6 in each group). *p<0.05. C: Immunofluorescence for Snail after cytokine stimulation. Left-Control. Middle-8 h after TGF-β stimulation (10 ng/ml). Right-8 h after VEGF stimulation (10 ng/ml). Scale bar=25 µm.