Figure 5 of Ashby, Mol Vis 2010; 16:639-649.


Figure 5. The effect of atropine and ADTN on ZENK transcript levels in the retina following 1 h of negative-lens wear. Negative-lens wear, for a period of 1h, induced significant down-regulation in ZENK transcript levels (ANOVA; F (4, 20)=4.24, p<0.05; t-test, p<0.05, respectively), as compared to normal untreated values, which was unaffected by the injection of either vehicle solution (distilled waster or ascorbic acid) immediately before lens fitting (t-test; p=0.7 and p=0.8, respectively). However, injection of atropine or ADTN immediately before the attachment of lenses induced significant upregulation in retinal ZENK expression above baseline levels (ANOVA; F (3, 14)=6.32, p<0.05; t-test, p<0.05, respectively). Atropine or ADTN did not affect retinal ZENK expression when injected into a normal untreated age-matched eye (ANOVA; F (3,14)=0.78, p=0.11; t-test, p=0.15, p=0.10, respectively). The mean normalized expression is calculated from the efficiency (E) of the target genes to the power of its average CT value (ECT target), divided by the efficiency (E) of the reference gene (Actb) to the power of its average CT value (ECT reference). Error bars represent SEM, n=6 (*p<0.05).