Figure 1. Resveratrol protects against H₂O₂-induced cell death and apoptosis in HLEB-3 cells. A: The HLEB-3 cells were incubated with different concentrations of RES (2.5, 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 μM) for12 h before H₂O₂ (100 μM) treatment for 24 h. B: The cells were incubated with 20.0 μM RES for different time (12, 24, 48 h), then treated with 100 μM H₂O₂ for 24 h. C: The cells were pretreated with 20.0 μM RES for 12 h,then exposed to different concentration of H₂O₂ (50, 100, 200 μM) for 24 h, the cell viability was measured by WST-1 assay. The data are represented as means±SD from three independent experiments. The asterisk indicates that p<0.05 compared to the untreated control. D: The cells were incubated with 10.0 and 20.0 μM RES for 12 h then treated with 100 μM H₂O₂ for 24 h. Flow cytometric analysis was used to quantify the rate of cell apoptosis using double staining of Annexin V-FITC and PI. The result is one representative example of three separate experiments. E: Resveratrol (20μM) significantly decreased the apoptosis rate of HLEB-3 cells, **p<0.01 versus positive control (t-test), the preventative effect of 20 μM RES was improved versus 10 μM RES,*p<0.05.