Figure 2. Relationship of ARMS2 and HTRA1 expression in the human placenta to the genotypes at 10q26. We show the effect of AMD-associated variants near ARMS2 and HTRA1 genes on ARMS2 and HTRA1 expression in human placenta samples. A-D: The fold change in expression of the target genes (ARMS2, HTRA1, HPRT1, and GAPDH) relative to the internal control gene (rRNA) were correlated to genotypes of corresponding placenta samples. Real-time qRT–PCR reactions were performed in quadruplicate with Taqman gene expression or SYBR Green assays. The fold change average in the expression of the target gene was calculated using the 2^-ddCt method; ddCt=(C_t,Target - C_t,rRNA)_experiment - (C_t,Target - C_t,rRNA)_reference. Gene expressions in wild-type (having common variants at all four genotyped loci) placentas were used as a reference. cBlack unique symbols (e.g., triangle, square, diamond, dash, X’s cross, circle) indicate individual sample changes, and white square shows the average. Abbreviations: N represents number of samples with given genotypes; P represents polymorphism (P/P represents homozygous; P/- represents heterozygous change. Variants are shown in the left column).