Figure 3. Inflammatory changes in ocular mucositis revealed by in vivo confocal microscopy. In vivo confocal microscopy revealed a high density of dendritic and spherical cells, likely including Langerhans cells, macrophages, monocytes, and neutrophils, in the epithelial basal cell layer (A, B, D) as well as many activated keratocytes in the anterior stroma (C) and a reduced number of subepithelial nerve fibers (F). Fibrosis (arrows) with a circular pattern of degradation of Bowman’s layer was observed in a case that subsequently showed only minor improvement after discontinuation of S-1 administration (E).