Figure 5. BOL-303242-X reduces LPS-induced cytokine release with similar activity as dexamethasone (DEX) from THP-1 cells. Cells were pretreated with BOL-303242-X or DEX for 2 h, and then further treated with vehicle (0.1% DMSO), LPS, BOL-303242-X, DEX, or their combinations at the indicated doses for 18 h. Cytokine content in the conditioned media was determined by Luminex. Data are means±SEM or geometric means±SE estimated by the Taylor series expansion for the MCP-1 data; n=3. The asterisk indicates a p≤0.05 versus LPS. The dagger indicates a p≤0.05 versus DEX at the same concentration. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey-Kramer test, and data elevated to the power of 0.4 for IL-6, 0.8 for IL-12p40, and by taking the logarithm of MCP-1 data. A Student’s t-test was used to determine whether LPS was effective at increasing cytokine release. The solid bar is statistically significant versus the gray bar.