Figure 4 of
Yang, Mol Vis 2004;
10:987-995.
Figure 4. Mechanism of angiostatin effect on micrometastatic melanoma
Proposed mechanism of action of angiostatin on hepatic micrometastatic melanoma. Melanoma cells synthesize plasminogen and a matrix metalloproteinase that cleaves plasminogen kringles 1-4 (angiostatin) from kringle 5. Angiostatin binds with plasminogen and forms a ternary complex (P*), thus limiting melanoma migration. Also, angiostatin blocks VEGF induced downregulation of caveolin-1, thus causing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.